Essential Oil Extraction Methods

Photo Credit: Towfiqu barbhuiya

Essential Oil Extraction Methods

What is Oil?

Oils are extracted from plant sources. They plays a vital role in providing nutrition by enhancing the flavor of food, improving the texture, and conducting heat while cooking. common vegetable oils are sunflower oil, palm oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, and olive oil. Reducing the risk of heart diseases and protecting brain cells etc.

Different Extraction Methods of Oils.

  • Hydro distillation
  • Steam distillation
  • Solvent extraction
  • Co2 extraction
  • Expression

Hydro Distillation Method

This process is mainly used to extract rose essential oil from rose petals. In this process, the rose petals are submerged in water and then heated due to heat. The water and rose oil gets converted into vapor which is then passed through a condenser and collected in a receiving  flask. The rose oil and water is then separated and this how we get our rose essential oil. The water received from this process is also called is rose hydrosol, floral water or rose distillate.

Steam Distillation Method

This is the most popular method in used to extract essential oils from aromatic plants . In this process, plant material is collected in the extraction vessel and then steam is passed through that vessel. The aromatic compound present in the plant material gets converted in vapor state and is passed though a condenser where it cools down and gets converted into liquid state . This aromatic liquid is collected in a receiver where it is separated from water and we get our essential oil.

Solvent Extraction Method

In this method of food grade solvents such as hexane and ethanol are exposed to the plant material at a specific temperature and pressure. In the first process, when hexane is mixed with the plant material, we get a resinous mixture as an outcome . This mixture is called concrete. Concrete contains both the essential oils and some waxy nonvolatile aromatic materials. To separate both the materials, a second process is conducted where alcohol is added to the concrete and the mixture is heated again. The aromatic oils get dissolved in alcohol and are collected in a different receiver.


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